Accounting machine



Oct. 3, 1939.

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ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed Sept. 15, 1934 l0 Sheets-Sheet 10 CONT HCT TIME iNvENvToR ATTORNE Patented Oct. 3, 1939 ACCOUNTING MACHINE Fred M. Carroll, Binghamton, and Arthur F.

Smith, Endicott, N. Y., assignors to International Business Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application September 15, 1934, Serial No. 744,134

12 Claims.

This invention relates generally to improvements in accounting machines and more particularly to an advanced form of adding and subtracting accumulator. The devices of the invention are embodied in a machine which is controlled by perforated record cards.

An object of theinvention is to provide an electrically controlled balance accumulator which is adapted for operation at high speed.

Another object of the invention is to provide an accumulator which may be controlled by a rapid succession of timed impulses.

A feature of the invention is the operation of an accumulator under control of an armature oscillated between two magnets. Speedy operation is obtained by utilizing each vibration of the armature as a driving stroke for operating the accumulator.

Another object of the invention is to provide a reversing means for an impulse controlled type of accumulator in order that subtraction and negative balancing may be performed without changing the mode of operation of the driving means.

Another feature of the accumulator in the present invention is the design of the parts for easy assembly whereby the mere placement of parts one over the other holds them in place and joins them for operation.

An object of the invention is the provision of improved negative balance reading correction devices. By means of these devices a single wheel rotated in either direction serves to control the printing of true numbers representing a positive or negative balance. Delayed impulse initiating devices and selection devices therefor are used in the printing of a negative balance so that in all orders higher than the order with the first significant digit a correction is made to reduce by one unit the reading which would otherwise be wrong.

A feature of the invention is the provision of compactlyarranged switch plates having projections that form the blades of a knife switch. The projections from lan adjacent pair of plates cooperate in the formation of a switch.

Another object of the present invention is to provide movable accumulator units, each representing a denominational order and each capable of operation in addition, subtraction, and the printing of a balance. -The removable accumulator units are provided with simpleswitching devices for carrying the transfer control impulses from lower to higher orders and negative balance correcting impulses from order to order. These switching devices between the units may be selectively connected or held out of contact so that a certain number of the units are split olf in a section adapted for individual accumulation.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a control cabinetfor receiving the assembled accumulator units. This cabinet contains a plurality of control devices common to al1 of the assembled accumulator orders. The only connection between the control devices and the accumulator unit is through contacts made when a unit is assembled in the cabinet. Because of this construction, any accumulator unit may be removed without disconnecting any mechanical part or loosening any wires.

Another feature of the present invention is the connection of the control devices in the control cabinet by wiring and the operation of the devices in the cabinet under control of timed impulses.

The only connection between the driving means and the control cabinet is a cable or wire carrying the driving control impulses from the driving means to the accumulator and otherwise carrying the printing control impulses from the accumulator back to the driving means for the control of item printing and total printing. Because of this construction, the accumulator of the present invention is adapted for remote control. The accumulating devices may be placed at a distance from the record card feeding, card sensing, and printing devices.

A set of drawings illustrates the invention and forms part of the specification.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a section through the control cabinet, showing a view of the control magnets and an assembled'accumulator unit.

Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the control cabinet showing all of the controlmagnets and the connections from the magnets to the common operating bails cooperating with the assembled accumulating units.

Fig. 3 is a detail view of a portion of a perforated record card.

l Fig. 4 is an elevation view Iof one of the accumulator units.

Fig. 5 is a detail view in elevation showing the accumulator gearing and driving means. The parts are shown in position for subtraction.

Fig. 6 is a side view of the gearing and driving means shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a section of the accumulator gearing taken along the line 1--1 in Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the accumulator gearing with the driving parts shown in position for addition.

Fig. 9 is a detail View of the switches controlled by the cams on the accumulator gears. The three switches controlled by the cam on the right hand wheel are used for the control of transferring and negative balance correction, and the two switches controlled by the cam on the left hand wheel are used in the operation of positive and negative total printing.

Fig. 10 .is a side elevation view of an accumu lating unit showing the arrangement of a plurality of switch plates.

. Fig. 11 is a side elevation View of three accu mulator units. The transfer and balance reading offset connections between the adjacent units are shown in this view.

Fig. 12 shows a set of contact plates used in the reading of a negative balance.

Fig. 13 is a detail View of a pair of contact switch plates used in transferring.

Fig. 14 is a detail view of an adjacent set of switch plates also used in the control of transferring.

Fig, 15 is a detail view of the related set of switch plates used in the control of negative and positive transferring.

Fig. 16 shows a set of contact plates used to direct transfer controlling impulses and total printing control impulses.

Fig. 17 is a detail View of a pair of contact plates used in the directing of accumulating impulses during item entering.

Fig. 18 is a detail view of a pair .of switch plates adapted to carry the impulses used in the control of item printing.

Fig. 19 shows a set of switch plates provided for use in directing positive and negative total printing impulses.

Fig. 20 shows a set of adjacent switch plates used in selecting impulses for the control of printing positive or negative balances.

Figs. 21 and 21a show a wiring diagram of the' machine.

Fig. 22 is a detail view of the resetting latches which are adapted to stop and hold the accumulator wheel in normal position.

Fig. 23 is a chart showing the timing of the cam contacts in the machine.

GENERAL CONSTRUCTION In considering the machine embodying the present invention, attention may be drawn to three main sections. driving means comprising card feeding, card sensing, and printing and cam contact operating shafts. In general, this section of the machine is of the form shown in Patents No. 1,516,079 and No. 1,750,459 and shown diagrammatically in Figs. 21 and 21a. The second main section of the machine is the control cabinet shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This cabinetv may be connected to the driving means by a cable containing a plurality of wires. The six control magnets for operating all the common automatic functions .of the accumulators are assembled in this cabinet as shown in perspective in Fig. 21. The third important section of the machine is the accumulating unit, a plurality of which may be assembled in the control cabinet. A side view of one of such units is shown in Fig. 4.

The assembly of a unit in the cabinet is seen in Fig. 1. There it is noted that nine contact tabs extending from the left side of the unit and six stems projecting from the bottom of the unit form The first section is the the only operating connections between the cabinet and the unit. Synchronism in operation between all three sections of the machine is maintained by timed impulses directed from one section to the other and occurring singly or in rapid succession.

The driving devices This section includes drive shafts and cam shafts connected to a motor M, Fig. 21, in the, same manner that the drive shafts are connected to the motor 50 shown in Fig. l. of the Patent 1,750,459 referred to hereinbefore. The card feed control cam contacts 134, 213, 290, CF1, |00, 311 and 323 are on a shaft geared to the card feed rollers 183, 185, 1186 and H88, Fig. 21A, so that as long as cards are being fed, the cams are operated. The remaining contacts are the total contacts 311, 313, 333, 408 and 409 which may be mounted on Tdrum shaft 23H or any other continuously running shaft connected to motor M. The time of operation of the various cams is illustrated by che chart in Fig. 23.

The control cabinet Turning now to the construction of the control cabinet, it is noted in Figs. 1, 2, and 21 that the frame of the cabinet is made of side frames 3l and 32 and cross bars 33, 34, and 35. Between the side frames is xed a set of three rectangularl bars 36, 31and 38 which form the framework from which the control magnets are suspended. On each rectangular bar is fastened a pair of brackets 39 formed with a pair of ears 40 carrying a rod 4l. Pivoted on each rod 4| is an armature 42 in the form of a bell crank. These cranks 42`are rocked in a counterclockwise direc tion (Fig, 1) when a related magnet is energized. As an armature crank rocks, the lower arm thereon moves to the right (Fig. 1) and pushes before it one of a series of rods 43-48 (Fig. 2). The rods are guided by holes in the brackets 33 and holes in a common bracket 49 reaching across the cabinet and secured to the side frames 3| and 32.

Turning to Fig. 2 it is noted that a pair of magnets NT and PT are suspended from bar 3B and serve to operate rods 43 and 41, respectively. In a similar way, magnets NR and CS are suspended from bar 31 and serve to operate rods 45 and 46, respectively, and in a like manner magnets TR and SN suspended beneath bar 3H are adapted to operate either rod 44 or rod 48.

At the right end of the rods 43-48 (Fig. 1) are placed a series of control operating bails which are adapted to be operated by the rods and in turn operate connections to any one of a plurality of assembled accumulating units.

Three shafts 50, I, and 52 are fixed in the side frames 3l and 32 of the cabinet and provide fulcrums for the arms of the control bails. The control bail 53-is pivoted on shaft 50 and adapted for operation by rod 41 under control of magnet PT. In a similar way, control bails 54 and 55 are pivoted on shaft 5| and operated by rods 43 and 48 under control of magnets NT and SN, respectively. And in a like manner, control bails 56, 51, and 58 are fulcrumed on shaft 52 and adapted for operation by rods 45, 46, and 44 under control of magnets NR, CS, and TR, respectively. As a rod moves to the right, it cooperates with a tab 53 on the side of a vertical arm ofthe control bail, rocking the bail in a counterclockwise direction labout the fulcrum shaft and lifting the cross member of the bail. A stop stud 60 projects from a side frame on the cabinet in the path of the end of one of the side arms on the bail which abuts against the stud and acts to hold the bail in normal position.

In Fig. 1 it is noted that an accumulator unit 6| is supported between the three cross bars 33, 34, and 35 of the cabinet. The b ar 33 is provided with a series of locating studs 62, one for each accumulator unit. An overturned lug 63 on each accumulator unit is formed with a perforation to coincide with the -position of stud 62. As an accumulator unit 6| is slipped into the cabinet, the stud 62 for the related denominational position, guides the unit and locates it in the proper position.

At the bottom, the unit is supported on the bars 34 and 35. The bar 35 carries a shaft 64 and is slotted/at intervals to guide latches 65 cooperating with projections 66 on the bottom of the accumulator units. A spring 61 holds the latch 65 in position to latch the unit frame into the cabinet. If it is desired to remove one of the units 6|, a finger piece 68 on the related latch 65. is lifted to rock the latch in a counterclockwise direction out of the path of the projection 66 on the lower end of the unit. As the frame 6| of a unit is assembled, the relatedlatch 65 automatically snaps into latching position as soon as the accumulator is moved suficiently to the left.

When the accumulator unit is in the proper operating position in the cabinet a series of contact tabs A, 8A, 9A, IA, 9Z, |0A and 5Z extending from the unit make contact with the common horizontal blades 16 of a series of terminals fixed in an insulation plate 11 mou'nted vertically between bar 35 and bar 34. 'I'here are seven such common terminals arranged in a vertical column on an insulation sheet 11 for each accumulator. There are two other sets of individual terminals 69 and 10 cooperating with the separate tabs 4A and 3A for receiving separate card reading impulses and sending separate print controlling impulses. Wires may be clamped between a pair of nuts provided at each terminal on the side of the plate opposite blades 69, 10, and 16.

A representative accumulator unit Each accumulator unit 6| holds a complete operating and switching mechanism for one denominational order between a pair of side plates 8| and 82 (Figs. 4, 10 and 11).

The bottom of plate 8| is bent at right angles to the sides in order to form a guide and a stop for a series of switch operating stems 83-88 which protrude out of the unit. Plate 82 may be made of metal or of an insulating material if it is desired to prevent any chance electrical contact between the switches and wires of the neighboring units.

Attached to the inside of each side plate 8| by means of a series of screws 89 is a set oi' ten switch contact plates ||0 (Figs. 4 and l0) Certain of these plates are formed with the contact tabs IA, 3A, etc., mentioned hereinbefore. Other projections on adjacent pairs of these contact plates form` knife switch blades which are used to direct the controlling impulses from one part of the device to another asexplaine more fully hereinafter. In Figs'. l2 to 20, related sections and pairs of these contact plates are shown associated with cooperating accumulator parts. Some of the contact plates are in two sections in order to serve as part of more than one circuit. The Contact plates are made of thin sheet metal and are arranged in a stack with each one aligned with the others but separated therefrom and from the side plates by a series of interspersed insulation bushings 99 (Fig. 10).

The adding mechanism of each accumulating unit comprises a pair of intermeshing gear wheels |02 and |03 pivoted on studs |04 and |05 projecting from the side plate 8| (Figs. 4 and 8). Each gear wheel is made with a wide bearing formed by riveting a hub |06 (Fig. 1) to the gear of the wheel. The gears are adapted for motion in either direction and when operated in adding they are driven in one direction by a pair of pawls |01 and |08 (Fig. 8) and when operated in subtraction they are turned in the other direction by another pair of pawls |09 and ||0 (Fig. 5).

Pawls 01 and |09 are pivoted on studs secured to a bell crank ||2 (Fig. 5) pivoted on stud |04 with gear |02. In a similar way, pawls |08 and ||0 are fulcrumed on studs ||3 secured to a bell crank 4 pivoted on stud |05 adjacent gear |03. An oscillating movement of cranks I2 and ||4 causes the pawls to turn the gears in accumulating. A coil spring 5 is provided for each pair of pawls and held on the bell crank by a shouldered pin ||6. I'he ends of the spring ||5 bear against the sides of small holes in the front ends of the pawls and urge the pawls into oooperation with the gear wheels. However, not all four pawls are permitted to engage the gear teeth of the adding wheels at one time. Either the pair of pawls |09 and ||0 are held out of cooperation for an adding operation (Fig. 8) or the pawls |01 and |08 are held out for a subtracting operation (Fig. 5).

The means for selecting either the adding or subtracting pawls comprises a pair of cam members ||1 and ||8 pivoted on screw studs ||9 and |20, respectively, on the side frame 8|. The inner curve of the contour of each member constitutes a pair of cam faces which are adapted to cooperate with the tails of the pawls and thus hold the pawls out of engagement with the gear wheels as the pawls are moved back and forth in an arcuate path about the gears.v The cam faces |2| and |23 formed on member ||1 cooperate with pawls |01 and 09, respectively, and the cam faces |22 and |24 cut along the edge of member ||8 cooperate with pawls |08 and ||0, respectively.'

The cam members are connected for movement in unison by means of a projection |25 on member ||1 cooperating with an oifset lug |26 on member ||8.

.A spring |21 attached to member ||8 tends to hold both members in a position adapting the accumulator for adding operation as shown in Fig. 8. There it is noted that cam face |23 holds pawl |09 out of operation and cam face |24 holds pawl |0 out of operation, but both adding pawls |01 and |08 are free for cooperation with the gear Wheels to turn gear |02 in a clockwise direction -and gear |03 in a counterclockwise direction.

When a subtracting operation is selected, a link |29 (Fig. 5) pivoted on an arm of member |1, is pushed and thereby rocks the cam member |1 in a counterclockwise direction. Cam member ||8 is also rocked because of the contact between lug |26 and projection |25. Then cam face |2| holds pawl |01 out of operation and cam face |22 holds pawl |08 out of operation, while both subtracting pawls |09 and ||0 are in active position to turn gear |02 in a counterclockwise direction and gear 03 in a clockwise direction. The selective operation of the subtraction control link |29 is described more fully hereinafter.

Attention may again be directed to the fact 1 arm H59.

that operation of the accumulator gears is brought about by oscillating the bell cranks lllil and l lll (Iig. so that the pawls carried thereon are moved back and forth in an arcuate path around the teeth of the gears. This oscillating movement is produced under control orr a pair of accumulator magnets A and E (Fig. ll) adapted for rapid alternate energization.

l'Ehe magnets are mounted on brackets i3@ and lill secured to the side plate 8l. Between 'the magnets there is suspended a common arma ture The one end of the armature is fixed to a collar l loosely mounted on a stud ldd fixed on the plate 8l.

The other end of the armature H32 is loosely articulated in a slot H35 (Fig. 5) cut in an overturned lug i3@ on a three-armed operating lever i371 pivoted on a stud i3@ fixed to side plate 8l. The one arm of lever i371' is formed with a recess for engaging a tab lil@ on bell crank M2 and the left arm of the operating lever is cut away to engage a tab lll@ on bell crank itil.

With the above mentioned connections in mind, it is plain, to see that when the magnet A (Fig.

1 4) attracts the armature U32, operating lever itl is rocked in a counterclockwise direction and the connected bell cranks M2 and lill are rocked in the' same direction. rlhen either pawl lil@ (lligs. 5 and 8) or pawlV W9 is eiective to turn the gear wheels according to whether the operation is addition or subtraction. Immediately thereafter, the magnet B may attract the armature to rock the lever lill in a clockwise direction. Through the connecting tabs i559 and Mld, the bell cranks M2 and lll are rocked in the same direction. When the cranks are so moved, either pawl lill or pawl il@ is eiective to turn the gear wheels for addition or subtraction.

It is obvious that two sets of pawls are provided so that each rocking movement of the lever itl is a driving movement. l'n this way no useless idle motion is made in accumulating. Each vibration of the armature (132 serves to move the/gear wheels lilZ and i153 one tooth space in an adding, subtracting or total taking operation.

A detent l5@ (Fig. 5) cooperates with the teeth on the gear lllil to prevent overthrow and to position the gear wheels at the end or" each operation. The detent has two pointed ends for alternate engagement between gear teeth on gear wheel The body of the detent is in the form o a ll (Fig. 6) pivoted on a stud [I 5l on plate ill. A pro- 'jection |152 extending beyond the body of the detent is in the form of a gear tooth which protrudes into a tooth-shaped recess in operating lever im. Thus a connection is made to rock the detent l5@ in unison with the oscillation of lever G3i. Toward the end of each vibration of the lever, a pointed end oi the detent is inserted between two of the gear teeth on wheel MBS.

A set of contacts H53, i156 and U55 (Fig. ll) control the energization of magnets A and B. Connections are provided between the armature L32 and the contacts for opening and closing the contacts under control of the magnets. A rod i565 is articulated at one end on the end of armature ist and at the other end it is pivotally connected near the end of a vertical arm on a bell crank i571 pivoted on a stud ld. An arm i591 is also pivoted on the stud [|58 next to the crank l5l and the two are connected by a tab itil on crank i577 projecting into a hole cut in To the top of arm l5tl is afxed an araches insulation block Util which is cut with a recess into which ts the end of a contact blade 52. This blade is the actuating member between a pair of blades M33 and ll carrying contacts l5@ and U55. Through the aforementioned connections between armature M2 and center blade i552, the contacts lad, H55 are alternately closed and opened when the accumulator is operated. As the armature H32 moves towards magnet A, the contacts l55 are closed to adapt magnet B for energization, and then, as the armature moves toward magnet B, the contacts ld are closed to adapt magnet A for energization. .lin this way, armature 1132 is adapted for rapid vibration, the initiation of which is explained more fully hereinafter.

A means is provided to align and retain arm l5@ in each of the two adjusted contact closing positions. A detent arm [|55 is pivoted on a stud EGG and cut with a pair of l/shaped grooves cooperating with the upper edge oi an offset lug lGl on arm A coil spring i163 wrapped around stud 565, bears down on arm M55 and tends to retain and align lug itil in either of the grooves in the arm.

On the initial operation of armature in either direction, a pair of contacts |53 are closed and held closed for the remainder of the operation. For this purpose the end of the horizontal arm of bell crank l5?! is formed with a point cooperating with a roller llliil on a lever l'lil pivoted on stud it@ and carrying an insulation finger lll adapted to close contacts l. A slight movement of bell crank l5?! in either direction is sufficient to displace roller lli@ and rock lever llil in a counterclockwise direction to close contacts H53. The inherent spring action in blade 2l@ tends to hold lever il@ in place and bring it in a contact opening position. However, once the lever is operated to close the contacts E53, it is latched in operated position by a latch H3 pivoted at llll. 'llhe latch is drawn into latching position by a spring H5 attached thereto. A shoulder on the latch cooperates with an odset il@ on the lever to hold the same in position. When contacts l53 are closed, the magnets A and E are connected to the source of operating energy which is then supplied in a manner explained more fully hereinafter.

The controlling record In Fig. 3 there is shown a portion of a perforated record card lll' of the kind used to control the machine. At the leit of the card it is noted that certain of the index points are punched out to represent the amount 275.

The hole il@ punched at the top of the card is a special perforation which may be used in either of two ways. It may denote a debit amount and control the machine for subtraction, or it may mark the card as being one carrying a classied amount and control the machine in classselece tion to avoid adding said classified amount.

The electrical operating connections @Referring now to the wiring diagram in Fig. 2l, it is noted that closure of theswitch S connects the power source P across the main lines il@ and lit@ and energizes any other completed circuit including these lines. The driving motor M is energized through the wires ll and M22. rlhis motor operates the card feeding devices through the usual clutch connections and serves to drive the printer shaft and the shafts carrying the many cams and impulse vtimers mentioned hereinafter.

The cards |11 are picked out of the magazine and fed one at a time through feed rollers |83 (Fig. 21A) past the upper card lever UCL, between the upper brushes UB and contact bar |84, through rollers |85 and |86, past the lower card lever LCL, then between the lower brushes LB and contact bar |81, and finally drawn down by rollers |88 and fed into a stacker.

The lower brushes LB are mounted in a movable holder in the form of a lever |89 pivoted at |90' and cooperating with a cam |9| fastened to shaft |92. A spring |93 draws the lever into cooperation with the cam. The contour of the cam is designed to hold the brushes LB in cooperation with the card only during the time that the amount index points 9-0are passing thereunder.

As the cards pass the ysensing stations, they rock the card levers UCL and LCL to close the contacts LCLI and UCLI, conditioning part of the card sensing circuit.

Accumulator operation The path that the timed impulses follow in an item entering operation may be traced on the wiring diagram shown in Figs. 21 and 21a. The accumulator operating circuit may be followed from line |19 (Fig. 21a) through contacts LCLI, contacts |94 (the closure of which is timed by cam projections on an impulse timer IT), then through wire |95, Wire |96, contact bar |81, then through a perforation in the card presented at a differential instant, lowerbrushes LB, wire |91 (Fig. 21), to a socket |98 in a plugboard |99. Plug wire 200 is connected selectively to one of the sockets 20| in plugboard |99. The circuit continues through socket 20| and wire 202 to terminal tab 4A `on contact plate 4 (Fig. 17). The impulse continues through the plate 4 to an extending knife switch blade 4a, thence through a contact blade 204 on a controlling lever 205 and across the knife switch into another blade b on the plate 5B where the circuit includes a wiring terminal 5y. To the terminal 5y (Fig. 4) is connected a wire 208 leading up to a series connection through wires 209 and 2|0 connected to contact bladesl62 and 2||, respectively. These blades lead the circuit through the contacts |53, |54, and |55, mentioned hereinbefore. The course that the circuit then takes depends on which of the contacts |54 or |55 is closed. As shown in Fig. 4, with contact |54 closed, the circuit continues through contact blade |63, wire 2 I2, magnet A, Wire 2|3, terminal 5x, contact tab 5A (Figs. 17 and 21), and through wire 2|4 to the other side of the line |80, completing the circuit.

Should the contacts |55 be closed (Fig. 4) the circuit takes the course through contact blade |64, wire 2|5, magnet B, wire 2|3, terminal 5r,v

contact tab 5A, and through wire 2|4 to the other side of the line. In either case, the armature |32 is'vibrated and the contacts |53 are closed, setting up a series circuit through wire 2|0. This series circuit continues from wire 2|0 and contact blade 2| through contacts |53, blade 2|6, wire 2|1, terminal 8x, contact tab 8A (Fig. 21), wire 2|8, contacts 2|9 closed by impulse distributor ID, and then through wire 220 to line |19.

From the connections outlined above it may be gathered that the diierentially timed impulse initiated by the perforation in the card serves to energize either one of the magnets A or B. At the same time the contacts 53 are closed so that further energization of the magnets may take place under control of the closing of contacts 2 9. In other words, the perforation in the card initi-' ates the sending of accumulating impulses and the impulse distributor ID continues the sending of impulses through the adding magnets.

The number of impulses directed through the magnets depends on the time that the rst impulse is initiated under control of the card. This is arranged by revolving the impulse distributor ID in synchronism with the feeding of record cards so that the closure of contacts 2|9 occurs during the sensing of each index point upon the card. During each card sensingoperation, after the perforation on the card passes the related lower brush, the circuit through the adding mag-y nets A and B is cut off at the card and energization of the magnets is continued through contacts |53 and 2|9.

The circuit may be traced from line |80 (Fig. 21), wire 2|4, contact 5A, terminal 5:1: (Fig. 4), wire 2|3, magnets A or B, wire`2|2 or wire 2|5, contacts |54 or |55, center blade |62, wire 209, wire 2|0, blade 2||, contacts |53, blade 2|6, wire 2|1, terminal Bcc, contact 8A (Fig. 21), wire 2|8, contacts 2|9 and wire 220 to line |19. As the differential number of timed impulses are directed through the magnets, the armature |32 vibrates a corresponding number of times and turns the accumulator wheels |02, |03 a related number of steps by means of the mechanism described in connection with Figs, 5 and 8.

Printer operation At the same time that an impulse is directed to control the amount entering operation of the machine, an impulse is also directed to control the printing of a record of such an amount. The printing circuit may be followed from line |19 (Fig. 21A) contacts LCLI, contacts |94, wire |95, wire |96, contact bar |81, brush LB, wire |91 (Fig. 21), plug wire 200, wire 202, contact tab 4A on plate 4 (Fig. 18). The circuit continues through the plate 4 to a knife switch blade 4a projecting therefrom across a switch blade 222 mounted on a non-print lever 223, thence through another blade 3a on plate 3 provided with contact tab 3A. From the tab 3A the circuit continues through -wire 225 (Fig. 21) socket 226 (Fig. 21A) in a plugboard 221. A plug wire 228 connects the circuit to one of a plurality'of sockets 229 attached to a wire 230 leading through the print magnet P to the other side of the line |80. In this way the printer magnet P is energized at a differential instant in the operating cycle. The printing mechanism is similar to the devices set forth in my copending application Serial No. 648,039, filed December 20, 1932, eventuating in Patent 1,981,990.

At the same time that the card is fed under the lower brushes, a printer drive shaft 23| rotates in synchronism therewith and carries a frame 232 provided with a series of type members 233 arranged around the outerledge of the frame and carried in proximity to the platen 234 carrying a record sheet 235. When the printer magnet P is energized it attracts an armature 236 having connections to a latch 231 which then operates to release a type bar tripping catch 238. The catch cooperates with an operating pawl 239 pivoted at 240 with the type member 233. The release of the catch 238 is thus timed to pick out a particular type member. The clockwise rotation of the operating pawl 299 carries along the type member 299 causing it to strike the record sheet 235 leaving an imprint of the number thereon. .ihe details of the printer construction may be noted by reference to the patents referred to hereinbefore.

Nonadd cmd nonpfrznt operation The levers 295 (Fig. l'l) and (Fig. 18) previously referred to, may be operated by hand to eliminate either adding or printing. Reference to Figs. l and il shows that both levers are pivoted on a common stud 2M and carry forwardly extending projections 296 and 22l cooperating with hand levers 2M and 245, respectively. Both hand operated levers are pivoted on a stud 306 in frame till. Cup washers 90 hold the levers in position on stud 396. Lever 2M is formed with an overturned lug 246 cooperating with the projection 296 on the non-add lever 205. When this lever 24d is depressed, the switch lever 205 is rocked counterclockwlse against the tension of spring 2&1 and the contact blade 294i is withdrawn from the position between knife switch blades daf-5b. Thus the accumulator circuit is interrupted at this point under control oi the operator.

In a similar way, the depression of lever 245 and contact between tab 249 thereon with the underside of projection 22E causes the counterclockwise rocking of switch lever 223 against the tension of the spring 248, withdrawing the blade 222 (Fig. 18) from a contact making position between knife switch blades 3ra-4a. The operation of switch lever 223 interrupts the printing circuit and causes a non-print operation at the will of the operator.

Another means for operating switch lever 205 is provided in the form of a bell crank 1| operated by lever |10. The bell crank 1| is pivoted on stud 12 and formed with a tab 13 in the path of an extension 14 on lever G10. When the lever is swung in a counterclockwise direction by crank |51 on the initiation of impulse sending operation, the crank 1| is rocked clockwise and the lower arm thereon presses against an offset 203 on switch lever 205 to rock the blade 204 out of contact making position. Thus, impulses are prevented from coming through the card sensing devices once the contacts |53 are closed for automatic impulse delivery.

Transferring operation As the accumulator wheels are operated in adding or subtracting, when a wheel passes from 9 to 0 or 0 to 9 it is required that a transferring operation take place to transfer a unit to or borrow a unit from the higher order. Should a higher order wheel be standing at 9 or 0 when such a transferring or borrowing operation takes place, the accumulator should be adapted to carry the transferring operation over into a still higher order. The devices of the present invention are provided with means for transferring under the three conditions mentioned; namely, when a wheel passes through a transfer point or when it stands at or 9 in readiness to carry the transfer to or from a still higher order.

In Fig. 9 is shown the mechanism cooperating with the accumulator wheels for the purpose of transferring. The hub |60 on the accumulator Wheel |02 is provided with a pair of cam extensions 250. When the wheel is turned so the projection 250 passes from the 9 to 0 position or vice versa, it operates a lever 25| pivoted 0n stud envases 252. This lever carries a. switch blade 253 adapted to make contact between knife switch blades 6b and 9a. A stop stud 94 limits the counterclockwise movement of the lever as urged by spring 95. At its upper end the lever carries a projection 256 cooperating with a latch 251 designed to hold the lever in operated position when once operated during an accumulating cycle. lt is latched so that a transferring impulse vmay be directed through switch blade 259 at a time shortly after the period during which the regular amount impulses cause rotation of the accumulator wheels and tripping of the transfer levers. The latch 251 (Fig. 4) is pivoted on a -stud 258 and a spring 259 attached thereto keeps the latch in cooperation with the extension 256 on lever 259. After the transferring impulse is directed under control of the switch lever 25|, the latch 251 is rocked in a counterclockwise direction by lever 260. This lever operates in order that the transferring devices may be released to assume a normal position in condition for a new cycle of operations and is described :more fully hereinafter.

Again turning to the showing in Fig. 9 it is noted that when the accumulator wheel |02 stands in the zero position, the cam projection 250 thereon cooperates with the point of extension on the rear arm 263 of the lever 263 pivoted on stud 252. A stop stud 96 limits the movement of the lever when operated by spring 2li. l

The end of this le ver is provided with a switch blade 264 adapted to close a circuit between a pair of knife switch blades 1b8b when the related accumulator wheels are positioned at zero as shown. This lever is in the form oi a bail having three arms (see Fig. 12) ending in contacts 264, 9| and 92 on one side and contact 90 on the other side arm, the two sides being connected by a cross bar 93. In a similar way, when a wheel is at the 9 position it cooperates with a lever 261 also pivoted on stud 252. This lever 261 has a contact blade 268 adapted to fit between a pair of switch blades 1a6b'. Stud 94 stops lever 261 when it is moved by spring 91. Springs 21 95 and 91 hold the transfer switch levers into cooperation with the transfer cam 250. The various transfer circuits may now be tracel through the contacts made as described in connection with the mechanism in Fig; 9.

At a point in the amount entering cycle afterv the direction of a number of impulses for adding the amount, another impulse is directed into the accumulator by the operation ofa cam 21| (Fig. 21) in closing contacts CFI The circuit through these contacts may be traced from line |19, through contacts CFI, wire 212, contact tab 9A (Fig. 13), contact plate 9, knife switch blade Sw, extending from plate 9, contact blade 253 which is moved when the wheel passes through the transfer point, the other knife lswitch blade 8b on plate 8B, through the plate to terminal By (Fig. 4), then through Wire 214 (Fig. 4), a stud 215, a spring 216, wound around the stud, a stem 211 extending from spring 216 to a stud 216 in the next higher order, then through wire 219 and wire 209 attached to the center blade |62. From this point on, the course of the circuit is determined by the closed or open condition of the contacts |54 and |55.

The circuit continues through wire 2| 2 or wire 2|5, magnet A or magnet B and wire 2|3 to terminal x and thence through tab 5A (Fig. 21) and wire 2|4 to the other side of the line |80.

The transmission of this single impulse results in a single vibration of the armature |32 and the actuation of the accumulator wheels for one step in either direction according to the nature of the operation.

In Figs. 4 and 11 it is noted that the stud 215, spring 216 and stud 218 for each order are mounted in an insulation block 280 occupying the space between the plates 8| and 82 of an accumulator unit. The one end of the spring 216 is threaded through a slot 28| (Fig. 4) in the side of the block 280. This serves to hold the one end of the spring in position while the other end terminating in stem 211 is free to be manipulated by grasping the finger piece 282 at the upper end.

If the stem is grasped and moved to the right (Fig. 11) it may be latched behind a shoulder on a stud 283 xed in the same block 280 carrying the spring 216. In this way, a split may be effected in the accumulator between any of the adjacent units, each of which constitutes a denominational order. In this way, the transferring impulses from a lower to a higher order are interrupted so that a. higher order may be used as the units order of a group of units. Such split is shown between the rst and second orders of the units shown/,in Fig. 11. The position of the stem 211 between' the second and third orders of this same View show the second order coupled to the third order for the transference of carrying impulses.

The contacts closed at 9 or 0. es shown in Fig. 9, also enter into the transmission of transferring impulses from lower to higher orders, however, these impulses are initiated selectively according to the condition of the accumulator for addition or subtraction. In other words. when the accumulator is conditioned for addition and a wheel stands at 9, it is adapted to transfer units from a lower to a higher order While nothing 'takes place when the same wheel stands at zero. On the other hand. with the accumulator conditioned for subtraction with a wheel standing at 0,' the unit is conditioned to borrow or'subtract a unit from a higher order while at the same time the contacts made by positioning a wheel at 9 are ineffective.

Other devices are operated simultaneously with the initiation of transferring impulses for the purpose of restoring the devices set un for accumulating and establishing contacts for the conduction of impulses over paths usually occupied by impulses used in amount entering.

The adding or subtracting condition of the rwchine in its infiuence on transferring is indicated by the position of the Contact blade 284 (Figs. 4 and 15) mounted on an insulation sector 285 fastened to the member ||8 pivoted at |20. It is noted hereinbefore in connection with the discussion of Figs. 5 and 8 that member ||8 is rocked in a clockwise direction when subtraction is to be effected. In Fig. 15 the member is shown in the position for addition where the4 blade 284 establishes contact between the blades 6b and 1a of a knife switch formed by extensions on contact plates 6B and 1. If the member I8 is rocked to its subtraction position, the same contact blade 284 establishes a circuit between the blades 6b and 1b formed by extensions on plates 6B and 1B.

Thus a selection is made between the plates 1 and 1B which carry the other separated blades 1a' and 1b referred to in describing the mechanismV shown in Fig. 9. The switch including blade 284 forms a means for selecting the coupling connection between accumulator orders with the wheels standing at 9 or 0.

Various other devices and contacts must be operated before the accumulator units are conditioned for the transmission of transferring impulses. Ihe operation of these devices is controlled by the transfer and restore magnet TR shown in Figs. 2 and 21. The operation of the magnet is brought about by the closure of a pair of contacts 290 (Fig. 21) by a cam 29| timed to operate at the same time as the cam 21|. The circuit through magnet TR may be traced from line |19 through contacts 290, wire 292, magnet TR and wire 293 connected to the other line |80. When this magnet is operated it positions the rod 44 (Fig. 2) operating the bail 58 and lifting the stem 88 (Fig. 4). At its upper end the stem is guided by a stud 12 and abuts against an overturned tab 295 on a lever 296 pivoted at 291. A spring 248 tends to rock the lever 296 in a clockwise direction to bring the tab 295 at rest on the stud 12. However, when the stem 681s lifted the lever 296 is rocked in a counterclockwise direction and a contact blade 299 attached to insulation sector 300 mounted on the lever is drawn down into contact making position (Fig. 16) between a pair of extending blades 5b and 6b. These blades are formed as extensions on plates 5B and 6B forming part of the connections between higher and lower orders for the transfer.

The lever 296 also operates to restore any carrying levers 25| previously locked in carrying position during the amount entering portion of the adding cycle. For this purpose the lever is formed with a projection 303 (Fig. 16) cooperating with the middle of the restoring member 260 pivoted on stud 291 and formed with an overturned edge 26| which abuts against the lower side of the end of latch 251. A spring 305 usually holds the restoring member 260 against projection 303. When lever 296 is restored, the member 260 is separated from projection 303 by inertia and latch 251 is struck and rocked in a counterclockwise direction to release lever 25|. Lever 296 is drawn in a clockwise direction by spring 248 and then suddenly stopped, but member 260 continues to move a short distance, momentarily separating from projection 303 far enough for edge 26| to strike latch 251.

The lever 29.6 performs another function in opening contacts |53 to prepare the amount entering devices for operation on a subsequent cycle. This is broughtabout bymeans of an extension 306 on lever 296 in cooperation with an end 301 formed on one arm of the lever |13 mentioned hereinbefore. Spring |15 normally tends to hold the latch lever |13 rocked in a counterclockwise direction to support extension |16: however, movement of stem 88 is transmitted through extension 306 and the lever |13 is rocked in a clockwise direction to release the contact closing lever |10 so that the contacts |53 are opened and remain open after the transfer operation. The cam 29| holds contacts 290 closed until contacts CFI open, therefore magnet TR holds up rod 88 long enough to rock latch |13y out of latching position while lever |10 is oscillated as a transfer impulse goes through magnet A or magnet B.

The stem 88 in its operation performs another function by operating the non-add lever 205 to prevent the passage of any but transferring impulses through the plates 4 and 5B during transferring. This is brought about by 'means of an offset 308 on lever 296 cooperating with a short arm 15 extending from lever 1|. When lever is turned by stem 88, lever 'il is rocked in a clockwise direction and swings up the lower arm abutting against projection Zit-i on switch lever 12th. Thus the lever 2th is rocked in a counterclochwise direction withdrawing blade Mld llrorn contact making position between blades [la and 5b.

Now that the operations preliminary to the coupling oi the various orders for transferring have been explained, the actual path oi the transferring impulses may be traced on the wiring diagram. When an accumulator wheel stands at 1l or 9 in readiness for the transmission of an impulse for adding or subtracting a unit in a higher order, it is necessary for the functioning of the devices that the impulse should come from a still lower order which is actuated by actual transferring. Such an impulse comes over the imre il@ (Fig. Zl) where it is directed down through wire Ztl@ into center blade M52. .Pit the same time the vimpulse may be carried in series over the wire Zlib which at the time is not used for transmitting impulses irom the lower brushes tothe center blade i622. From the wire Eile the circuit may be followed .down through terminal by (Fig. i6) through plate 5B, blade 5b, center blade 29d, the other blade @b on plate @E which carries the complemental pair of switch blades tb. From this point on, the impulse may be directed over one of two diferent paths. 'if the machine is conditioned for addition, the path taken will be over the connection shown in Fig. l5 where blade tb is connected with blade la by contact blade 236i, then plate l acts as a conductor in directing the impulse along to contact blade la (Fig. 9) which forms one of a pair of knife switch blades :dw-8h' closed when lever itil is operated by a wheel standing at 9 to insert the contact blade it@ therein. Blade 8b forms part of a plate illu carried adjacent a l plate TIB.

lt is this plate tE (Fig. lli) which carries the terminal ty, and the impulse carried through switch blade travels around the plate to the terminal ily (Fig. a), through wire il@ to stud 2lb, through transfer steni 2li to the stud 2l@ in the next higher order accumulator unit, and thence along wire tilt) to a connection with wire leading to the center blade i262 from which point the impulse travels through either one ci the operating magnets A or E and over to the other side of the line iii@ in a manner described hereinbeiore. At the same time that the impulse travels from wire il@ down through wire 200, it may also branch ofi into another series circuit through wire 2t@ leading to the next higher order. By means oi such connections, it is possi-- ble, where a plurality of wheels stand at 9 and the lower order wheel receives a transfer, to carry the transfer through all oi the units and over into the order higher than the highest order with a wheel at 9.

Subtractng operation The circuit described above is'concerned with operation of transferring under conditions assumed when the unit is adapted for operation in addition. Now it may be considered that the devices are adjusted for subtraction. The coupling circuit between the orders is the same for subtraction as it is for addition up to a certain point. The impulse travels down through terminal 5y (Fig. 16) switch blade 5b, contact blade blade Gib, and plate 6B up to the switch blade 2M (Fig, 15) in the same way as during stud through stern ci u,

arroces addition. At 'this point, the selection o the mode of transferring is changed by the adjustment of the blade on the switch lever lit. This lever is rocked in a clockwise direction and the blade 28d is inserted between switch blades Gb and lb. l'n this way an impulse travelling through plate @B is directed over into plate "iB iormed with a switch blade lb' (Fig. le).

This blade forms one ci a pair of knife switch blades 'ltr-8b" cooperating with a blade 2M on the lever operated by the cani when the related wheel stands at the Zero position. With the lever operated and rocked in a clockwise clirection, the blade still closes connections between plates 'HB and SB, directing the subtracting transier impulse up to terminal Sy. From there the impulse travels along wire 2id (Fig. e) up to the 0"" stud W8 oi the next higher order, wire tlg, wire 2tlg, single contact blade M52, and thence through either Contact [ld or 055 and magnet A or magnet E and also to the other side of the line. Since at this time the members ill and il@ (Fig. 5) are shifted to a subtraction selection position, the operation of the armature i132 will cause the pawls i and itl@ to turn the accumulator wheels in a direction which is the reverse of addition, thus borrowing or subtracting a unit from the wheel in the order higher than the wheel standing at Zero. .'lf a plurality of wheels stand at zero when a borrowing operation is permitted on the lower order wheel at zero, the borrowing impulse is carried along from unit to unit over the wires Zitti (Fig. 4i) so that all such wheels are turned back to 9 and the number on the still higher order wheel is reduced by one.

An amount which is to be subtracted is identliied by being placed on a record card containn ing the special perforation il@ (Fig. 3). llt is this special perforation which controls the adjustment of various devices of the machine for the operation oi the accumulators in subtraction. is shown, when a card passes under the upper brushes, a circuit is set up through the brush cooperating with the column of index points on the card containing the perforation iid.

Such a subtraction control circuit may be traced from line il@ (Fig. 21A) through contacts LCM, contacts iili, wire contacts UCLi, closed as the card passes under the upper brushes, contact block. USG, brush UB, wire plug socket Si@ on a plugboard @il and thence through a plug wire 302 connected to a socket di-l, contacts it@ closed at the instant the special index point passes brush, wire lil, through subtraction .magnet SN and through wire 3 i5 to the line iii.

A holding circuit is established through magnet SN by the closing oi associated contacts iii@ (Fig. 2l) in line with a circuit including line ils, contacts Sil (closed by cam through a subsequent cycle up to the point shortly before sensing another special perforation), contacts dit, wire Stil, wire Sid, magnet SN and wire dit to line (Idil. @ver these circuits, magnet SN is energized and held energized for a subtraction cycle.

Referring to Figs. i and 2, it is seen that the energized magnet SN operates to position the rod 3G and swing the bail 55 toA lift stem il@ (Fig. 4.-). lllhis stern is guided near its upper end by a stud Siti upon which rests an offset portion 32d formed as part oi a bail U28 formed with an arm articulated to the link i295, mentioned hereinbefore. As the stein is lifted, it rocks the bail t28 in a countercloclrwise direction (Fig. l5) rocking the subtraction members ||1 and 8 to adjust the accumulator operating pawls for subtraction and shifting the contact blade 284 for the control of transferring during subtraction.

The print controlling circuits for the items entered during subtraction are the same as those used in the control of printing during addition. The impulses travel over the same path through the lower brushes, the non-print switch lever 223, the plugboard 221 and the print controlling mag` nets P.

Class selection operation Ihe special perforation |18 (Fig. 3) may be used in a way other than for subtraction control. 'Ihe appearance of such a perforation in a record may serve as a means for controlling the machine to prevent vaccumulation and printing of the amount associated therewith. Such operation is known as class selection control `where it is desired to eliminate the consideration of certain classes of items in the compiling of a record. When such control is desired, the switch 32| (Fig. 21) is closed to direct a circuit through the class selection magnet CS whenever a special perforation is sensed in a record. The magnet SN mentioned hereinbefore enters into the class selection control by operationin the same manner as when performing a subtracting operation as set forth hereinbefore. magnet SN is'caused by the sensing of a special perforation under the upper brushes in the manner already noted. As the magnet SN closes contacts 3|6 to form a holding circuit, it also closes contacts 322 to initiate a class selection control circuit. This circuit may be followed from line |19 (Fig. 21) through switch 32|, contacts 323 (closed by cam) 324 during the greater part of each cycle), contacts 322, wire 325, magnet CS and wire 326 to the line |88. Turning to Figs. 1 and 2 it is noted that the energized magnet CS operates to position the rod 46 and lift the bail 51 cooperating with the stem 81, Fig. 4. This stem is guided at its upper end by a stud 321 upon which rests an offset lug 328 formed as part oi.' an arm 329 pivoted on a stud 338. In Fig. 11 it is noted that this lug 328 is long enough to underlie a pair of rods 33| and 332 which cooperate with the shoulders 242 and 243 respectively on the non-add and non-print levers.

In this way, as soon as stem 81 is raised under control of the class selection magnet CS the rods 33| and 332 are lifted to rock the levers 285 and 223 in a counterclockwise direction (Fifg. 4) withdrawing the blades 284 and 222 from a switch closing position to an open position whereupon the adding and printing circuits are disconnected to avoid making a record of the amount associated with the special perforation.

Balance determination The machine is adapted to print a true amount representing the positive or negative total. This total is produced by operating the accumulator wheels in one direction orvk another and closing contacts in line with the printing magnets as the wheels reach a total reading position. The initiation of a total taking operation is caused by the closing of contacts 59 (Fig. 21) under y control of the total key or a total timer adjusted The energization of closing of contacts 333 for the reading of a posi- I tive` total.

Positive total print operation Assuming that the accumulator holds a positive total and is otherwise conditioned for total reading operation, a circuit may be traced through the positive total taking magnet PT.`

The circuit runs from line |19 through contacts 59, wire 338, contacts 339 closed by cam 348, contacts 333, wire 34|, magnet PT and wire 343 to the line |88'. The magnet closes a pair of contacts 344 associated therewith for the purposeof establishing a holding circuit. The holding circuit includes contacts 59, wire 345, wire 348, wire 341, contacts 344, wire 34| magnet PT and wire 343 to line |80. The energized magnet PT operates to shove rod 41 (Figs. 1 and 2) lifting bail 53 cooperating with stern 83 (Fig. 4). The top of stem 83 is guided by a stud 348 upon which rests an offset lug 349 forming part of a lever 358 pivoted at 35| on frame plate 8|. A spring 352 attached to lever 358 urges it in a clockwise direction to place lug 349 against stud 348. The lever is formed with another offset lug 353 cooperating with a horizontal rod 354. An insulation sector 355 attached to the lever carries a pair of contact switch blades 356 and 351. 'I'hese blades cooperate with switch formations shown in Figs. 16 and 19. As the stem 83 is raised under control of the positive total magnet PT, the lever 358 is rocked in a Icountercloclrwise direction closing the pair of switches and shoving rod 354 to the right.

'I'he operation of rod 354 serves to condition a few devices in preparation for the reading of a total. The usual adding and printing connections are disabled and a means is made eifective to stop the accumulator wheels when they reach normal position. In the performance of these functions, the rod 354 at the right end cooperates with an offset portion 36| formed as part of a three-armed lever 362 pivoted on stud 338 adjacent the arm 328. I

One arm of the lever 362 is formed with a projection 363 underlying the arm 329 and adapted to raise the arm when the rod 354 is shifted to the right. In so raising the arm the pair of rods 33|, 332 (Figs. 4 and 11) are raised to operate the non-add lever 285 and the nonprint lever 223. In this way, the contact blades 284 and 222 are withdrawn from circuit closing positions to disable the normal adding and printing circuits.

'I'he third arm 364 on lever 362 cooperates with a shoulder 365 formed on an arm 366 pivoted at 361 on the accumulator frame. A spring 368 attached to arm 366 tends to hold the arm in cooperation with lever 362 and at the same time uphold the stem 86 through a collar 369 attached to the stem and resting on top of the arm 366. As the arm 366 is rocked in a clockwise direction under the urging of arm 364 when lever 362 is operated, the stem 86 is allowed to lower under pressure exerted by a bail 318 formed with a projection overlying the top of the stem. This bail 318 (Fig. 22) is pivoted on stud 258 and forms part of the devices used for holding the 

